Life Sciences

'Life Sciences' 분야는 기술번역(산업번역)의 경우 medical, pharmaceutical, environmental이 주류다.

 

<'생명과학' 분류(위키피디아, Basic life science branches)>

 

* Biology(생물학) – scientific study of life

 

* Anatomy(해부학) – study of form and function, in plants, animals, and other organisms, or specifically in humans

 

* Astrobiology(우주생물학) – the study of the formation and presence of life in the universe

 

* Bacteriology(세균학) – study of bacteria

 

* Biotechnology(생명공학) – study of combination of both the living organism and technology

 

* Biochemistry(생화학) – study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, usually a focus on the cellular level

 

* Bioinformatics(생물정보학) – developing of methods or software tools for storing, retrieving(검색), organizing and analyzing biological data to generate useful biological knowledge

 

* Biolinguistics(생물언어학) – the study of the biology and evolution of language

 

* Biological anthropology(생물인류학) – the study of humans, non-human primates, and hominids(인류 조상). Also known as physical anthropology.

 

*Biological oceanography(생물해양학)- the study of life in the oceans and their interaction with the environment

 

* Biomechanics(생체역학) – the study of the mechanics of living beings

 

*Biophysics(생물물리학) – study of biological processes by applying the theories and methods that have been traditionally used in the physical sciences

 

* Botany(식물학) – study of plants

 

* Cell biology (세포생물학) or Cytology(세포학) – study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell

 

* Developmental biology(발달생물학)– the study of the processes through which an organism forms, from zygote(접합자) to full structure

 

* Ecology(생태학) – study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment

 

*Enzymology(효소학) – study of enzymes

 

*Ethology(행동학) – study of behavior

 

* Evolutionary biology(진화생물학) – study of the origin and descent(혈통, 가계) of species over time

 

* Evolutionary developmental biology(진화발달생물학) – the study of the evolution of development including its molecular control

 

* Genetics(유전학) – the study of genes and heredity

 

* Histology(조직학) – the study of tissues

 

* Immunology(면역학) – the study of the immune system

 

* Microbiology(미생물학) – the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms, 미생물군) and their interactions with other living organisms

 

* Molecular biology(분자생물학) – the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry, genetics, and microbiology

 

* Mycology(진균학) – the study of fungi

 

* Neuroscience(신경과학) – the study of the nervous system

 

* Paleontology(고생물학) – the study of prehistoric organisms

 

* Pathology(병리학)- the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury

 

* Pharmacology(약리학) – the study of drug action

 

* Phycology(조류학) – the study of algae

 

* Physiology(생리학) – the study of the functioning of living organisms and the organs and parts of living organisms

 

* Population biology(집단생물학) – the study of groups of conspecific(동종) organisms

 

* Quantum biology(양자생물학) – the study of quantum phenomena in organisms

 

* Structural biology(구조생물학) – a branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macro-molecules(거대 분자)

 

* Synthetic biology(합성생물학) – the design and construction of new biological entities such as enzymes, genetic circuits and cells, or the redesign of existing biological systems

 

* Systems biology(시스템생물학) – the study of the integration and dependencies of various components within a biological system, with particular focus upon the role of metabolic pathways and cell-signaling strategies in physiology

 

* Theoretical biology(이론생물학) – the use of abstractions and mathematical models to study biological phenomena

 

* Toxicology(독성학) – the nature, effects, and detection of poisons

 

* Virology(바이러스학) - the study of viruses like submicroscopic(초현미경적, 너무 작아서 현미경으로 볼 수 없는), parasitic particles(기생충 입자) of genetic material(유전물질) contained in a protein coat – and virus-like agents

 

* Zoology(동물학) - the study of animals